The Juvenile Justice System refers to a network of agencies that deal with juveniles who have come in conflict with the law. Among these agencies are the police, prosecutor, detention, court, probation and the Department of Juvenile Corrections.
The purpose of the Juvenile Justice system is to deter juveniles from committing illegal acts in the future.
The establishment of juvenile justice system is said to have been spearheaded by Jane Adams who was one of the leaders of the juvenile court movement. She founded the Full House in 1899 in Chicago, Illinois which was the first juvenile court.
The main reason for the establishment of a juvenile justice system is that juvenile courts are more focused on rehabilitation and treatment of the juvenile offender. While the adult criminal courts also put emphasis also on rehabilitation and treatment, the juvenile courts give more emphasis on this task rather than adult courts.
Moreover, juvenile justice system sees the minors as victims of circumstances more than the adult offenders. Consequently, there is greater protection for the minor in juvenile justice system. On the other hand, the objective of the adult legal procedure is typically focused on sentencing and punishment for the crime committed.
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